The crisis of democracy in Brazil in the late 2010s began to materialize with the soft coup that put Dilma Rousseff out of office in 2016 and would eventually become epitomized by the political persecution of her predecessor—the then former president who is currently serving his third term—Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva…

In this rigorous yet accessible essay, Bichara KHADER retraces the genesis of the Palestinian tragedy from 1897 to 2025. This is not just another history of Palestine, but a new way of looking at it—one that highlights the structural asymmetry between Israelis and Palestinians and explores the “domino effect” of the Palestinian tragedy on the Middle East, the Mediterranean, and Europe.

In the perpetuation of this tragedy, the West bears a heavy historical responsibility. The United States’ unconditional support for Israel, coupled with the European Union’s diplomacy of indifference and empty declarations, have allowed the Israeli occupation to persist, the creeping colonization of the West Bank to expand, the destruction of Gaza to continue, and Israel itself to slide into religious and supremacist extremism. In this sense, the Palestinian question exposes our moral failure.

Dans la salle il faisait chaud. Trois radiateurs étaient tournés du côté de la jeune femme nue, impassible…

Στην αίθουσα είχε ζέστη. Τρεις σόμπες κοιτούσαν προς την πλευρά της γυμνής, ασάλευτης, κοπέλας.

Au Louvre, le 20 juillet 1859, il y fait très chaud. Quelques visiteurs, des pioupious rentrés d’Italie, des dames en crinoline, allant deux par deux, regardent les tableaux et s’amusent discrètement des jeunes peintres, si appliqués, venus travailler dans le sanctuaire de l’art.